Red Cloud was born in 1822 near North Platte, Nebraska.  Chief of the
Oglala Sioux, Red Cloud was known for his feats of courage, and he
attracted followers from other tribes in addition to his own.  He led the
fight against the U.S. government's plan to open the Bozeman Trail.  The
proposed trail and its forts cut right through a vital Sioux hunting
ground just east of the Bighorn Mountains in South Dakota.  For two years,
Red Cloud mounted attacks against the project, among them the Fetterman
Massacre of 1866, one of the most severe.  He and his followers were
successful, and the government abandoned the trail after signing the
Treaty of Fort Laramie in 1868.